Ments



H. BOCKISCH' AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED Nav. 2o.1919.

1,431,359. Patent-ed 0@t.10,1922

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1. Q

H. BooKlscH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2o. 1919.

HABOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC `MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

-APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20l 19197 Patented Oct 10, 1922.

gwuanIoz E'I'lzl'll en/9125010 Quorum,

Patented Oct. 10, 1922.

UNITED` STATES PATENT OFFICE..

niirNRron nocxrsoiror POUGHXEEPSIR, N RWYORK, AssrGNOR, BY MRsNn ASSIGN-MENTS, To wRLTE-Mre-NON CORPORATION, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATIONOF NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Application filed November 20,y 1919. Serial No. 339,260.

To all w hom t may cmi-cern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BooiUsoH, a citizen of CZecho-Slovakia,residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in AutomaticMusical Instruments, of which the following is a specification. y

The automatic mechanism forming the essence of the present invention maybe. very usefully employed or embodied in, or in connection with,` anorgan, orchestrion or other like instrument having a series oftone-emitting elements for manual scales and a series of tone emittingelements for pedal scales, its employment in such case being as a meansfor selectively operating the toneemitting elements so that the tonesemitted will be manual tones alone, pedal tones alone, or both manualand pedal tones together, in any of the infinite variety of combinationsof manual and pedal tones necessary to the proper rendition of musicalcompositions.

In organ compositions, the manual scales and thepedal scale should beoperable independently of each other. This permits, for example, theplaying of a chord on a very soft stopas vi'olin-On the first manual,while at the same time a solo in a different tone color-as oboe-is beingplayed on the second manual and a very deep soft note on a 16 footbourdon isbeing sounded in the pedal. y

In pipe organs and other musical instruments of analogous nature whosetone-emitting elements are formed to give forth musical tones whensubjected to the influence ot currents of air and in which there isgenerally a very extensive scale, running from very low notes in thepedal to high notesin a manual, or in a plurality of manuals,theprovision of each manual and pedal scale with a separate series of toneducts, in order that the playing of the same may be controlled by aperforated note sheet, vor other appropriate record, would necessitate agreat number of such ducts and the record for opening and closing theducts would have to becorrespondingly wide, if it be a perforatedvnotesheetor long,.if it be a cylinder with projections, for example.- Theobjections to the use of records of such character are apparent. y y

Having all the foregoing inniind I ,in-

vented and have patented three generically similar but particularlydifferent embodiments of mechanismhaving` the foregoing functions andadvantages. These patents were all `issued September 5, 1916, and' arenumbered 1,197 ,57 3; 1,197 ,574 and 1,197,575, respectively.` LTheywere issued to M. VVelte & Sons, of New York, N. Y., a corporation ofNew York, assignee, to whom this invention belongs.

This application relates to a further particular embodiment of the samegeneric invention having the same purposes inl view and an additionalpurpose, to wit, to simplify the construction and` render the parts moreaccessible for inspection and repair.

This stated purpose or object `and vothers which will be apparent tothose familiar with these inventions and the art to which they havereference are secured by the construction illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of mechanism-embodying thepresent improvements; Y

y Fig. 2 is a perspective view, partly in section, on a larger scalethan Fig. 1, ofthe particular parts of the mechanism for controllingpedal effects which differ in detail from my former inventionshereinbefore named.

"Figs 3, 4 and 5 are detail representations of the perforated note sheetwhich I prefer to 'employ as the record for operating the mechanism,this note `sheet being the same as that shown in my former patents.

Similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts inthe severalviews.

A and B designate portions of the organ wind chest for manual notes andpedal notes respectively.` These are provided with chambers marked A andB', respectively, to which the tone-emitting elements C and C, as organpipes, for example, are connected. There are a series of tone-emittingelements connected with each chamber A and B', each element giving:forth` a different note and each series forming a scale or set. `When,as in an organ, orchestrion or the like, it is,` desired to embody inthe instrument a plurality or series of tone-emitting elements givingforth different qualities of tone'of the same note, it is preferred, asis usual in organs, to provide each portion 4A, and Bof the wind chestwith a plurality of chambers A', B, corresponding in num ber with thenumber of the qualities of tones which are to be produced. To exemplifythis, the portion A of the wind chest appropriated to the manual notesor effects is shown as having a plurality of chambers A each of which,in practice, has connection with a series of tone-emitting elements Cwhich form parts of the manual scales and are preferably so arrangedthat those clements which emit dillerent qualities of tone of the samenote will'be in line with each other but connected to the differentchambers, as shown. Similarly, the portion B of the wind chestappropriated to the pedal notes or effects is, for the salte of example,illustrated as having two chambers B provided with two lines oftone-emitting clements C of different qualities of tone, forming partsof the pedal scale. The same lineal arrangement of the elements givingforth different qualities of tones of the same note explained withreference to the portion A, is illustratedwith respect to the portion B.

The connection between each chamber and the tone-emitting elementscontrolled therefrom includes a valve c. These valves open and closepassages c between the chambers and the respective tone-emittingelements. The valves forming a set, for the elements emitting differentqualities of tones of the same note are connected with each otherpreterably by rods c2, each having a spring, c, for closingthe valvesconnected thereby.

The chambers A and B are connected with a suitable source of supply ofair under pressure and have valves A2, B2, suitably operated to admitthe ir to the respective chambers. In the ordinary humanly played organthese valves B2 are connected with the stops of the organ. In thepresent instance they are operated auto matially` preferably by themeans illustrated and described in my Patent Number 1,197,573,hereinbefore named.

D designates a tracker board containing the mouths of a series of toneducts 12 and the mouths of a pair of control ducts l and 2. Certain ofthe tone ducts 12 are common to the valves c of the manual and pedalchests. For example. if the manual has a scale of sixty-one (61) notesand the pedal has a scale of thirty (39) notes additional to those ofthe manual, the ducts 12 for the lowest thirty notes of the manual scaleare employed for the pedal scale also, the remaining thirty-one notes ofthe manual scale having a separate duct for each such note. Thisinvention is concerned only with the scales having ducts 12 common toboth.

The mechanism connecting the ducts 12 respectively with thecorresponding sets of valves c includes primary operatinov pneumatieelements E and G and secondary op- @rating pneumatic elements F and tl.The connections between the primary operating pneumatic elements E andthe secondary operating pneumatic elements F include a parallel electriccircuit, hereinafter described, forming parts of manual tone circuits,7circuit making and breaking elements, as the circuit closing elements e,g, controlled by the elements E and G and means, as magnets f,respectively' operated by said circuits and controllingthroughintermediate mechanism mounted in a secondary manual tone chest I, therelative pressures which operate the elements F.

Similarly, the connection between the primary operating pneumaticelements Gr and secondary operating pneumatic elements H includeparallel. electric circuits hereinafter described. forming parts ofpedal tone circuits,77 circuit making and breaking elements, as thecircuit closing element g, controlled by the elements G, and means, asmagnets 71 respec tively, operated by said circuits and con trolling,through intermediate mechanism, hereinafter described, in a secondarypedal tone chest I, the relative pressures 'which operate the pneumaticsH.

The mechanism in the chests I and I may be substantially the same asthat previously employed by me for a similar purpose and disclosed in mypatents hereinbefore named. Only one section of each is shown. They arehereinafter particularly described. The pneumatic elements F and Hthereof are connected with the respective valve rods c preferably bymeans, F and H, similar to that heretofore employed by me.

The control duct-s 1 and 2 are connected with chambers 3 and 3 inprimary control members J and J', respectively having pri mary controlvalves 4t and t arranged in chambers 5 and 5". These members J and Jalso have other chambers G and (3, respectively, separated from thechambers and 3"* by membranes 7 and 7' to which the stems S and Se ofthe primary control valves i and la are connected. The valve et opensand closes ports 9 and 10 alternately, and through these portsrespectively the chamber 5 has comn'mnication with the atmosphere orwith the chamber 6, and the valve 4 alternately opens and closes portsfrL and 101 through `which the chamber 5 similarly has communicationwith the atmosphere oruwith the chamber 6a. The chambers G and G areunder suction and are connected with the chambers 3 and 8 respectivelyby bleed holes 11 and 11a. y I

The tone ducts 12 are respectively connected with chambers 13 in aprimary tone chest, K, which is common to both the ser ondary manualtone chest I and the secondary pedal tone chest I. This chest Kcomprises (in addition to the chambers 13) llO primary tone valves1,4,chambers 15 in which said valves worke` chambers 16 which are `undersuction and are separated from the 4chambers 13 by membranes 17connected to y"the `stems 18 of ythe valves 14, atmospheric ports 19 tothe chambers 15, suction ports 20 between chambers 15 and 16, and bleedholes 21 between chambers 13 and 1G.

As thus Jr'ar described thechests l., I and K and ducts 1, 2-and 12 arestructurally and functionally similar to the corresponding partsv of thepatents,hereinberore named: the ducts 12 being tone ductsL common to thepedal and `manual scales, and `the ducts 1 and 2 being control ducts fordetermining' whether the tones shall speak in the pedal alone' or inboth pedal and manual, -the mechanismk being so arranged that whenyneither control duct is openedthe manual scale alone will be played, asin my patents referred to.v lt will be understood that the number ofducts 12 Vand valves 14 corre- -sponds to the. number of notesy commonto pedal and manual scales and that there is one such duct' and valvefor each note. or one for each set of connected valves c when there area plurality of such valves controlling the emission of tones ordifferent qualities of the same note. Alt will similarly be understoodthat there is only one lductfl andprimarv valve 4 for the `entire seriesof tones in the pedal scale, and one i duct 2 and primaryvalve,4aorfvthe, entire j series" of tones in the vmanual. scale.

l `In this particular exemplication of the Y invention there is `oneprimary `operating pneumatic element E `for each note of the manualscale and eachhas a' circuit closing member' e secured to its movableboard, and

similarly there is one primary operating element G 'for eachnote or thepedaly scale and eachhas a contact member secured to its movableAboard.` Moreover, 1n this particular ,-exemplification of the inventionthe series or primary operating pneumatic elements Gk for thefpedalscale are mounted in asuction chamber L or'` a `boXL: and the seriesfovprimary operating pneumatic elements E for vthe manual scale arearranged in a suction chamber M of a boX h4. The'boX L yhas a channelNthe air in which is*normally1 comprises a stem 25 and valve members orheads 26 and 27 on opposite ends of the stem. The valve member 26 ismounted in a cham ber 28 containing air whose pressure is less thanatmospheric and opens and closes a port 29 through which said chamberhas ycommunicaticn with a duct 30con11ected to the channel N. The othervalve member, 27,

opens and closes communication of the duct 3() with the atmosphere.` Thevalve member 26 rests upon a membrane 31 one side or which is constantlysubjected to the less than atmospheric pressure in the chamber 28 andthe other side of which is subjected to the pressure in a chamber 32,which is connected to chamber '28 by a bleed hole l33.

- Chamber 32 is provided with an atmospheric duct 34 which is opened andclosed by a valve 35 carried by the armature 36,041. an electro-magnet37. This magnet is in a control circuit controlledv by the primarycontrol valve 4 as hereinafterv more particularly set forth. lt will `beseen that when this magnet is cle-energized the way between the duct 30and the suction chamber 28 will be open and the wav between said ductand the atmosphere will be closed,` and hence Athe air in channel N4will beat less `than It will be apparent atmospheric pressure. that ifthe magnet 37 be energized, its arma- "ture 36 `will thereby beattracted and atmospheric duct 34 will be opened. Air at atmos pliericpressure will. then enter chamber 32, thereby moving valve 26, andcutting oli' communication of duct 30 with suction chamber 28 and attheV same timemoving l `valve meinber2'7 and `opening communication orsaid duct- 30 with` the: `atmosphere, thus changing the pressure ot the'air in channel N from less than atmospheric to l atmospheric.

The intermediate mechanism lor changing the air pressure iircliannel Oincludes a secondary control valve 38, mounted in a chamber 39 having anatmospheric port 40 `and a suction port 41, the 'latter opening intoasuction chamber 42 4whichl is separated from a chamber 43 by a lmembrane44 connected to the stem 38a of the valve 38.r It

`is preferred to` control the pressure of the air in the chamber by whatl call a 'subprimary control valve which preferably comprises a stemhaving valve-members 45CL and 45b on opposite ends thereof. Thissub-primary control valve is operated by a membrane 46, located betweenand subjected to the pressures in the suction chamber .42 and a chamber47. The stem 445 extends through a port 48 one end of which is open tothe atmosphere and the other end of which is openv to the suctionchamber 42, and the valve-members 45a and 45b are so correlated withthis port that the port is open to the suction chamber and to theatmosphere alternately. This port 48 is connected with vchamber 43 by achannel 49, and chambers '4: i3 and 4:7 are connected with suctionchamber 2l-2 liv bleed holes and Chamber ail-7 provided With anatmospheric duct 52 which opened and closed by a valve cari" d by thearmature of an l-flectro-niagnet which. is in a control circuit thoughopened and closed under control oit the primary control valve 4f ashereinafter explained, ift will be understood that ivheifthe magnet isnot energ iced` vwhich is what l call the normal condition because it isthe condition which most frequently exists in. this exempliiicatioi'i etthe invention, atmospheric port 4l() open and channel O 'will be incommunication 'with the atmosphere through duct 56, cl'iamber 89 andport lV-O: and that when said magnet is energized; the duct 52 will beopened to the atmosphere, thereby causing valve-member to close port 48against suction and velre meniber L15b to open said port to theatmosphere, whereupon chamber 113 will be in communication with theatmosphere, through channel 1li) and port 48, thus causing valve 38 tobe moved and to close the atmospheric port l0 and open the suction portl1, resulting in the attenuation of the air in channel which nonv is incommunication With suction chamber 42, through duct 56., chamber andport Lili.. 1t ivill be observed that by reason et the provision ol asub-primary valve tor controllina the secondary control valve 38, whichlatter should be comparatively lareje, the change of the pressurechannel (i from atmospheric to than atmos heric very quickly eiectuated.

The magnet 3T energized by one o' ELcontrol cicuits, i' the one under ontrol oil" the prii'nary control valve il, to change the pressure et theair channel hl from less than atmospheric to by the collepsioe` oil: apneumatic, as CLG, for example. havin g3; conti the space bet" *eenrontact Y The `vire a is connected with he p l pole ot a suitable soinceot electric potential indicated at P by a wire n., and the (L3 isconnected rith the maan-it 3? by a Wire a2, and said magnet is connectedwith the negative pole of the source by 'Wire a".

The magnetis energized by the control circuit, i. e, the one in trol othe primary control val-.e l o change the press re oit the in channel i)from atmospheric to less traan atmospheric by the collapsing; oit apneun'iatic, as bellows c, :For example, h ari? a Contact Zi to brit thespace between contact 'Wires 5 am1 The Wire b connected with the positpole of the source l?, by Wire ff, i Wire o3 is connected i h the magnet5a a Wire Zig, and said ma y et is connected the negative pole of thesource by a Wire f. Channel N, in this exemplilication et the invention,is connected through a series of ports with the beilore mentioned seriesof primari' operating` pneumatic elements (l, there benggj one oli' saidports and elements for cach pedal note. These pneumatic elements arepreferably bellows mounted, as etated, in the suction chamber L of achest L. The); are provided Wi.ths]' rings 59 lor holdingthem normallyin collapsed condition and their circuit closing devices 58 cai-r the.hereinbeifore mentioned electrical circuit closingv elements' g and eachof these contacts bridges the space between a pair oit contact wires cand c to energize the corref' tondino' mag-n et 72,. There is one o'lthese mami-ets Yfor each pedal note.

Channel 0 in this exeii'iplification of the invention similarly isconnected, through a series ot iorts GO -with the hereinbel'ore relerredto series of pneumatic elements E, one Yfor each manual tone. Theseelements are pre'l'erably bellows mounted, as stated, in the suctionchamber M of the chest, M. The)Y are provided with springs 61a "lorcollapsing them when their internal pressure is reduced from atmosphericto less than atmospheric. rtheir circuit closing devices G1 the circuitclosing elements e for 'g-inig; the spaces between pairs ot cond, ci",respectively, to energize the hereinbe'lore referred to magnets of thescoor/lary manual tone chest 1.

the corresponding circuit closeic n y: and lor each primary manual @tuurelement E there is alocking-pneu- 7*- i i provided with a prolection f8movnto and out ot the path ol the corresponding;- circuit closing`element e. Each prieumatie Z5 is provided with a duct 79 and eachpneumatic Tl' is provided with a. duct 80. The ductsv i9 and 8O for thelocking pneumatics which correspond to each othery are connected to a,channel 81 common thereto. Will be understood that there is one channelSl iter each pair ot ducts T9 and 80. Th ese channels respectively arein communication with ports 82 which extend 'from a suction chamber 83to the atmosphere. The pressure of the air in the respective channels 81.is controlled by valves hereinafter called locking valves each of whichpreferably comprises tvfo valve members 84 and 85, mounted on oppositeends of a stem 8G. The valve members S-l are in the chamber 83 and thevalve members 85 are in the atmosphere: hence when the ports 82 areclosed to the suction. chamber they will be open to the atmosphere, andvice versa. Said ports are normally closed to the atmosphere and open tosuction, and hence the pneumatics and 77 are normally collapsed. Air atatmospheric pressure is admitted to these pneumatics to expand them, byadmitting atmospheric air to achamber 87 `which is sepas rated ,tromthechamber 83 by a membrane 88 which engages the valve member 84; and whendistended raises said valve member and alsolthe valve member 85, thusclosingthe channel Sl against the suction chamber and opening it to` theatmosphere` ,The chamber 87 is connected to chamber 83 by a bleed hole89. An atmospheric duct 90 extends to the chamberS'. it Will beunderstood that there is one atmospheric duct 90, chamber 87,locking-valve and membrane `8S for each channel 8l and as each duct 90may be opened and closed independently7 ot every other7 it follows thatthe channels 8l Vare severally controllable yand hence each pair oflocking `pneumatics 7 5 and 77 may be collapsed or expandedindependently ot every other pair oi said' pneumatics.y The openingY andclosing of the ducts 90 are ac` complished by energizing anddcenergizing` electro-magnets Q'i-ene for eachsaid duct` Whoseyarmatures 91a are vprovided with valves 92.1 These magnets 91 are incircuits which are opened and closed under controlA of the primaryitonevalves i4, respectively;

that is to say, they arein itone circuits".`

Each ot these'tone circuits includes contact wires g and g4, the spacebetweenwhich is bridged by a contact g2 carried by a ypneumatic g3,which pneumatic is preferably a bellows Whose interior is incommunication with the corresponding` chamber 15 ot the'y primary tonechest 'Qso that when valve ll is moved yby the opening of thecorresponding tone duct i2 and closes atmospheric port 19 and opensuction port 20, the bellows g3 will becollapsed and will thereby moveits contact g? into bridging engagementr with terminals g', g4. y t Itshould be understood at this point that when the parts are arranged asherein eX-` empliiied, the closing of the control circuit through themagnet 37 is a' preparatory `function and that it occurs immediately ingot the control `circuits through the mag-i nets 37 and' 55 similarly isapreparatory function and occurs immediately before the closing ot thetone circuits through the magnets `91 corresponding to the notesto besounded, when pedal tones or effects aloney are to be produced,y i. e.,When the manual (which is operative when both ducts l and y Efare closedand consequently neither magnet `nor magnet is energized and Vis alsooperative when duct l is open and duct `:2 closed) has been excluded bythe opening' ot duct-2J which, as before explained, energizes magnet-55and thereby vcauses the y air in channel O to be attenuated.

matics corresponding` to tone ducts 12 which are open at the moment the`controly duct 2 is opened, all manual tones Would cease immediatelyupon the openingy of the control duct VQ. Likewise, when control duct 2is closed and the air inchannel O becomes atmospheric, the tendency otcourse is for all the pneumatic operating elements E to expand and carrytheir contacts e into en gagement With contact Wires d, d', andA ifthisv tendency werenot resisted as to those elements corresponding totone chiots 12 which are open at the momentl the tone duct 2 is closed7the tones controlled by said ducts i2 `would sound in the manual as Wellas in the pedal. all pneumatic operating elements G to eX- pand andcarry their circuit closing ele-` ments into engagement with contactWires c, c Whenever duct l is opened and to collapse and Withdraivtheir.contacts `from such engagement as soon as said duct is closed; so. thatthis tendency unless restricted as `to those' elements which areconnected to open tone ducts would introduce av pedal tone where itwasnot Wanted or out it ott' toosoon. `To permit the employment of a recordvhaving short control openings, to open the control ducts immediatelyprior to the opening ot those tone ducts'lQ for tones'ivhich are kto beaffected by the control ducts and to close as soon as said ductscommence to open,` and to assure the maintenance of the tones for theYfulltime the respective tone ducts are open,4 tol thereby make itpossible to render correctly any organ composition, I `have arranged thesets of pairs of locking pneumatics 7 5 land 77 hereinbe'fore referredto in the tone circuits so that they respectivelyy retain the positionsto which they were set by the opening ot a tone duct unless said toneduct has been closed. Accordingly, the tendency of thepneumaticoperating elements E to coliapse Whenever control duct is opened,

or the tendency rof 'pneumaticoperatingelements G to expand Whenever duct l' is opened,

lis resisted as to those elements E or G correspendingl to open toneducts 12 because when said ducts Were opened the correspondinglockingpneumatics 77 or were expanded and their members 7S or 7 6 Were carriedinto the path which would be traversed by the corresponding circuitclosing1 elements e or g in receding from the contact Wires d, al', orapproaching the contact wirosjc, c and thus prevent such movement andtherebyr maintain the circuit closing` elements e in engagement With theWires Similarly7 the tendency is for Lils CII

ci CZ, and prevent engagement of the circuit closing elements g with thecontact wires c, c. Similarly, the tendency ot'the pneumatic operatingelements E to expand when duct 2 is closed, and the tendency of thepneumatic operating elements G to collapse when duct l is opened isresisted as to those elements E or G corresponding to open tone ducts l2because when said ducts were opened the corresponding locking pneumaticsTT and 75 were expanded and their members TS and 76 were moved into thepaths which would be traversed by the respective circuit closingelements e and g and will thereby prevent such respective expansion orcollapse and accordingly will prevent engagement of said circuit closingelements e with contact wires d, cZ, and maintain engagement of thecircuit closing elements g with the contact wires o, c. Obviously,however, all those operating elements, E, il, which do not correspond toopen tone ducts l2 will be instantaneously moved by the opening orclosing et control ducts l, 2, because the locking pneumatics 75, 77,for these particular elements, E, G, are not at this time expanded andaccordingly their members 76. 78 are not engaged with or in the paths etthe circuit closing elements e hus it will be seen that the lockingpneumatics are important as they permit the control ducts to be closedat the moment the ducts l2 corresponding to tones to be affected by thecontrol ducts are opened, so that all the control elements and all theparts except these corresponding to affected tones are ready ttor thenext tone or tones called lor by the composition. The correlation olparts is such that any pedal tone may be sounded with any manual tone,or any manual. tone may be sounded alone or any pedal tone may besounded alone.

l have already traced diagrammatically the circuits between the source Pand the respective magnets 37 and 55 and will presently tracediagrammatically the circuits which are closed when the manual is plaUUii f alone, (2) when pedal tones or ellects are iinroduced withcorresponding manual tenes, and (3) when the pedal is playing alone; butbefore doing this l will briefly describe the preferred construction ofthe chests l. l previously referred to as beingA substantially identicalwith corresponding` parts hitherto employed me and shown and describedin my patents hereinbelore named.

@lily one section oi each chest is shown, that is to say, the sectionfor one secondary operating pneumatic element. It will be understoodthat there is a like section for each note, s the two chests are alikein construction, except that the manual chest I may have more sectionsthan the pedal chest l', the same reference characters have beenemployed to designate corresponding elements ol' the two chests. Eachsection comprises lor each manual and pedal tone, a valve chamber 63having a suction port 64; and an atmospheric port 65; a chamber 6Ghaving an atmospheric duct G7 to be opened and closed by a valve 68carried by the armature f of the corresponding magnet a membrane G9forming one wall of the charnber 6G; a valve 70 in the chamber (53,having .its stem 7011 connected to said membrane. The several suctionports 64 of the chest I open into a common suction chamber 62, and thelike ports 64; of the chest l open into a like common suction chamber62. Hence it will be seen that whenever a magnet 7 or 72y is energized,the corresponding valve 70 will be moved to close its atmospheric ductG5 and open its suction duct Gel, thereby collapsing the correspondingpneumatica F or H.

The operation is as follows:

Whenever a tone duct l2 is opened the correspondino pneumatic 13 of theprimary tone chest K. is collapsed, thereby causing the contact g2 tobridge the space between Contact wires g and f/' and closing an electriccircuit through which the corresponding magnet 91 is energized, thiscircuit being as follows: from the positive pole ot the source l), bywire a: to bus bar from the terminal 03 on said bar corresponding to theduct which has been opened, by wire g8 to the corresponding magnet 91;through said magnet and from its terminal r/G by wire gf' to contactwire gt; and through bridge contact g2, contact wire g and wire g to thenegative pole ot the source. The energizing oi each magnet 91, causesthe corresponding pair ol locking-pneumatics and 77 to be in'llated.

It neither et the control ducts is opened at this time, the tone will besounded in the manual alone, it being remembered that the primaryoperating pneumatic element E is normally inflated and the circuitclosing elements e operated thereby accordingly, normally bridge thespaces between the pairs of contact wires Z cl, respectively. Theseveral wires d are connected b v wires ma to the respective terminalsgs, and the several wires el are connected by wires m4' to therespective magnets The negative sides of said magnets j' arerespectively connected by wires 052 with terminals ai on the bus bar X.Hence the magnets f are in parallel, circuits (forming parts ol themanual tone circuits) extending from the terminals gs to the terminals6c and which circuits include the contact wires Z and d and circuitclosing elements e.

lWhen any pedal tone is to be int-reduced with a corresponding manualtone, the control duct 'l is opened slightly in advance of 130 theopening of the particular tone duct 12 corresponding to the note to beinfluenced. This, as already stated, a preparatory function and causesthe pneumatic a6 o't the primary control member J to collapse and itscontact a to bridge the gap between contact wires a and c?, thus closingthe con,- trol circuit to magnet 37 and changing the pressure of the airin channel N from less than atmospheric to atmospheric. All the primaryoperating pneumatic elements G, except those corresponding' ito opentone ducts 12, are instantaneously inflated and their circuit closingelements g arenthus moved to bridge the gaps between the re spectivepairs of contact Wires c and 0, and accordingly is a preparatoryfunction. The respective organ magnets 7L of the pedal are in parallelcircuits (forming parts of the pedaltone circuitsg) comprising Wires gloextending from the respective terminals g@ to the contact Wires-c',Wires g extending from the contact Wires c tothe respective magnets 7Land Wires Q12 extending from the respective magnets to the correspondingterminalsl x on the bus bar X. Hence, the several magnets 7L are inparallel circuits extending from the terminals g to the terminals w andWhich circuits include the Contact Wires c and c and circuit closingelements g. It will be noted that while at this moment all the circuitclosing elements g (except those connected. to tone ducts already openare bridginfr the spaces between theV pairs of Contact Wires c c/ yetthe tone circuit corresponding to the note to be played inthe manual andpedal is interrupted at the primary tone chest K until the tone duct 12corresponding to said note has been,

opened. When a duct 12 has been opened the tone circuits 'which rincludethe correspending magnets 91, z and jf are all closed, as will beapparent.

It will be noted that when said tone duct- 12 was opened and thecorresponding` nuig-` net 91 thereby energized, air at atmosphericpressure was introduced into the correspoml ing pair oflocking-pneumatics and 77,

`thus intlating them and holding` them in inflated condition until thetone duct is closed. The initiation of pneumatic 75 moves its element 76back or the corresponding circuit closing elements g of the inflatedpneumatic element G, and hence acts as a stop against said contact iorholding it into bridging engagernent with the contact Wires c, c,assuring that this contact is maintained in such engagement for the fulllength of time that the tone duct is opened. The remainder ot theelements Gr, not thus held, are allowed to collapse. Similarly, theinflation of lockingpneumatic 77 moves its element 78 back of thecorresponding circuit closing elements c, and holds said contact iirmlyagainst kthe corresponding pairoi contact wires d, d as long as thecorresponding tone duct is open, thereby assuring that th re shall be nointerruption in the manual tone Whose duct 12 is open, due tothe openingo' a control duct 2, preparatory to playinga succeeding note in thepedal alone. f

lil/'hen a note is to be sounded in the pedal alone both ducts 1 and 2are opened. The. opening of duct 1, as already set forth, results in theexpansion oi all the unrestrained pneumatics G and the moving of theircontacts into bridging engagement 1with the terminals c, c so that thecircuit through any one or more of the magnets 7L Will be closed whenthe corresponding tone ducts 12 are opened. The opening olf duct 2, onthe other hand energizes the magnet by collapsing the pneumatic Zit otmember Ji. The energizing or magnet 55, as already explained, opens theduet 5G to suction and closes it against air at atmospheric pressure.All the unrestrained pneumatic elements E are thus collapsed, 'therebyvmoving their circuit closing elements c out o12 bridging engagement withterminals c, o and breaking the circuits to the magnets j". The openingnouv of a tone duct or ducts 12, obviously will result in the soundingof the note or notes in the pedal only. lt will be understood 'from theforegoing explanation, that when a tone duct is new opened, thecorresponding magnet 91 will be energized thus intlating thecorresponding locking pneumatics Y land; 77, the pneumatic 75 moving itselements 76 behind the corresponding circuit closing element g intolocking relation. therewith and the pneumatic 7T moving its element 78between the cor esponding circuit closing element c and the pairs otterminals (l, Z to be bridged thereby and preventing inflation of thepneus .matic element E connected to said circuit closing element untilthe tone duct the opening of which iniated the pneumatic 'rhas beenclosed, Wherciuaen both o't said pneumatics will be (letlated by theie-energizing oit the corresponding magnet 91, resulting iu 'the closingoit the ducts 79 and 80 against the. atmosphere and the opening off'said ducts to the suction in the chamber S3.

l Stops 100 and 101 tor each locking pneumatic 75 and 77 are preferablyprovided to regulate the extent ot movement oit said. pneun'iatics, andto provide iter adjustment, the stops 100 are preferably composed ofthreaded stems having apertured heads for convenience in turning them.vStops 102 are also preferably provided to llimit the extent ofexpansive movement oit the pneumatics E and i Thus it will be seen that1 have provided a simple and 'very practicable mechanism by which anyone or more tones in the pedal scale or any one or more tones in themanual scale may be sounded alone,l or any one or more tones in eitherscale .may be sounded in CTX combination with any one or more tones ofthe other scale, from series of tone ducts common to both sealer-.1. ,lsin'iple and practicable means by which the control ducts cned and cloed .in proper relation to the tone ducts, to produce the ellfects stred,is the perforated note sheet illustinted in ll s. 3, Aiand and whichnote "j kj Y J with that already ein- A.loyed by me Yfor the samepurpose and shown and described in my patents hereinbeilore named, neednot be pa" i ilarly described herein lt c il be seen that a are the toneapertures in the note sheet, n the special aperture which reg ers withthe infuith oit the control duct l and a2 the special aperture whichrefristors with the mouth ot the control duct 9: and it will be notedthat the rear ends of the sjkiecial apertines n" and 'a2 are in linetransversely oi'f the sheet with the :forward ends ot the tone aperturesn which they arc to intliieuce. They do not, in this exemplilication,intluoi'ice notes controlled by tone apertures which are otherwiserelated to the special apertures than as ust described.

Vilhile l have illustrated and described somewhat minutely a particulardetail embodiment ot the invention :i nevertheless would have itunderstood that this merely a preferred detail embodiment and thatchanges in the details nay be made without depai from the spirit of theinvention or the substance of the appended cl ims. Hence the inventionis not i stricted to the part"cular details olz construction hereinillustrated to exemplify a desirable embodiment. l particularly callattention to the Yict that in an application oit even date herewith Ihave exemplified an embodiment of the invention which is genericallysimilar in many respects., but spccincally different from thisrunbodiment. The ,generic features common to the two embodiments areclaimed herein. lvloreover, while I have shown only one manual scale itis apparent that more than one such scale may be included and that thiswill require substantially a duplication only of the mechanism hereinsot iorth for the one maiiual scale, including the addition of a controlduct, a control valve, and a switching mechanism and their associatedparts for each additional scale. The operating); characteristics of suchadditional mainial or manuals will preferably be similar to thosedescribed with relation to the pedal, that to say, the pneumatics oitthe additional manuals correspondingto the pneumatics lt 'willpreferably be deflated when the corresponding tone ducts are closed.

TWith the detail construction described, the tracker board A, controlmembers B and B and primary tone chest C may be in a console arranged ata distance from the orga-n proper and the rest of the mechanism may bein said organ proper.

Having thus described the invention what l believe to be new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

l. ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality ot scales oftone-emitting elements; a series of tone ducts common to said pluralityof scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship betweenany one or more olf' the tone-emitting),` elements oit either scalealone, or any one or more corresponding or non-correspondingF elementsot both scales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanismincluding control ducts and movable members operated under control otthe control ducts to establish or break the connections to thetoneeinitting elements, and also including; locking1 elements and meansunder control of the tone-ducts, l'or moving' the locking elements intoholding relation with the movable members.

2. ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality oit scales oftone-emitting elements; a series ot' tone ducts common to said pluralityof scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship betweenan" one or more of the tone-emittinf;r elements of either scalo alone,or any one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of bothscales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanism includingcontrol ducts, tone circuits having movable circuit makingl or breaking`members under control ot the control ducts, locking elements and meansunder control of the toneducts `tor maintaining the locking elements inholding relation with the respective circuit naking and breakingmembers.

.ln a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality7 of scales oftone-emitting elements; a series of tone ducts common to said pluralityof scales and mechanism to establish an operative relationship betweenany one or more of the tone-emitting' elements of either scale alone, orany one or more corresponding or non-corresponding elements of bothscales together, and their tone-ducts, the said mechanism includingcontrol ducts, tone circuits having a set of circuit making` orbreaking` members for eachscale ot tone-emittingelements and anadditional set of circuit making or breaking members common to bothscales, means for operatingAq the additional set of circuit making orbreaking;- members under control of the tone-ducts, respectively, meansfor 0peratingthe first-mentioned sets of circuit making or breakingmembers under control oil the control ducts, respectively, a set oflocking' elements -for each hist-mentioned set of V'circuit making orbreaking members, and means under control of the tone ducts foroperating the locking elements.

llO

4. ln a record controlled musicalinstrument, the combination with aplurality olz scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ductscommon to said plurality or scales and mechanism to establish anoperative re-` lationship between any one or more ol the tone-emittingelements oifeither scale alone, or any one or more corresponding ornoncorresponding elements of 1 both `scales together, and their toneducts, the said mechanism including control ducts, operating pneumatics,means under control of the control ducts for controlling the relativepressures to which the operating pneumatics are subjected, connectionsbetween the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements,including movable members operated by said pneumatics to make or breakthe connections, locking elements and means under control of the toneducts for movingl the locking elements into holding relation with themovable members. j

5. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination with apluralityot scales of tone-emitting elements, a` series oi tone ductscommon to said plurality rot-scales an dl mechanism to establish anoperative relationship between any one or more of the toneemittingelements of either scale alone, or

any one or more corresponding or non-correspending elements of bothscales together, and their tone ducts, the said mechanism includingcontrol ducts, operating pneumatics, means under control of the controlducts for controlling the relative pressures to which the operatingpneumatics are subjected, connections between the operating pneumaticsand the tone-emitting elements, including movable members operated bysaid pneumatics to make or break the connections,

`locking elements, pneumatics connected to emitting elements and meansby which saidy members are moved under control of the control ducts toestablish or break connection between the respective tone ductsandtoneemitting elements, and further including `a locking element foreach movable member and means under control of the tone-ducts for movingthe locking elements into or out ot' holding engagement with thelrespective movable members. i

7. ln a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the twoseparate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts'commonthereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of ,operativeconnections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements, saidconnections including tonecircuits for the scales of tone-emittingelements, each of said circuits having a member movable to make or breakrthe circuit, means under control of the control ducts for operatingsaid `members, a locking element ,tor each member and means kundercontrol of the tone-ductsfor moving the lockingl elements into and outof holding relation with the respective movable members.

i S. In a mechanismof the class described, the combination with the twoseparate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts commonthereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of operativeconnecother series oi said members being normallyy in position in whichthe connection to the corresponding tone-emitting i elements is broken,means under control o one control duct, tending to move the lastmentioned series of movable members to cause the correspondingtone-emitting elements to be operated when the` respective tone `ducts`are opened, means under controloi the other control duct tending tomove the'other series of movable members to break `the connection to thecorresponding series of tone-emitting elements, and locking elementsunder control of the tone ducts for resisting said tenden-` cies as tothe n'iovable `members corresponding to tone ducts which are open at thetime either control ductis opened. i

5'). In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the twoseparate Vscales ol? tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ductscommon thereto` and control ducts `for ythe scales, respectively, otoperative connections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements,saidV connections including tone circuits having a set of circuit makingor breaking members for yeachscale of toneemitting elements and anadditional set ot circuit makingor breaking elements common to bothscales, one of the l'irst.mentioned sets being normally inicircuitmaking position and the other normally in circuit breaking position,means under control lo't one control duct, tending to move the lastymentioned set of circuit i'nakingv or breaking members into circuitmaking position, means under control ot the other control duct, tendingto move the other set of circuit making or breaking members into circuitbreaking iso position, means under control of the tone ducts foroperating the additional set of circuit making or breaking members, aset of locking elements for each first-mentioned set ot circuit makingor breaking members, and means under control of the tone chiots foroperating the locking elements.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination with the twoseparate scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts commonthereto and control ducts for the scales, respectively, of operativeconnections between the ducts and tone-emitting elements, saidconnections' includingl primary and secondary perating pneumatics, meansunder control ol' the control ducts tor controlling the relativepressures to which the primary operating pneumatics are subj ected`connections between the primary operating pneumatics and the secondaryoperating pneumatics for controlling the relative pressures to Which thelatter are subjected, havino' movable members oaerated b the t3 primaryoperating pneumatics to make or break the connections, locking elements,and means under control ot the tone ducts for moving the lockingelements into holding relation with the movable members.

ll. In a record controlled musical instrument, tone-emitting elements,tone circuits and tone ducts; a series of pneumatically operable valvesunder control oi said ducts, respectively, pneumatics controlled by saidvalves, respectively, and circuit making and breaking members Whollycontrolled by said pneumatics, respectively, and included in the tonecircuits.

l2. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality ot scales oiltone-emitting elements, tonecircuits therefor, respectively, saidcircuits including a. plurality ot sets of circuit making and breakingmembers, operating pneumatics lfor said members, means whereby theoperating pneumatics Yfor one scale are normally expanded and theoperatingpneumatics ior the other scale are nor-- mally deflated, meanscontrollable by the record ior energizing the tone circuits, meanscontrollable by the record for varying the pressures to which theoperating pneumatics are subjected and means controllable by the recordfor making the change in relative pressures to which the operatingpneumatics, are subjected ineffective with respect to those circuitmaking and breaking members Which are in circuits completed at the time'the change in pressure is brought about.

13. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales oftone-emitting elements; mechanism to cause any one or more of thetone-emitting elements ot either scale to be operated alone, or any oneor more corresponding or non-ctnresponding elements ot' both scales tobe operated together, said mechanism comprising connections to thescales ot' tone-emitting elements, including a set ot' relativelymovable members for each scale and record-controlled means common tosaid sets for causing the sounding of tones through those connectionsWhose relatively movable members are in operative relation With eachother, a recordcontrolled means `for each set of relativel movablemembers, tending to move the movable members ot the respective sets intoor out of operative relation With the corresponding members of theconnections, locking means and connections through which the lockingmeans are operated co-incidently with the lirst-mentioned recordcontrolled means to resist said tendency as to those movable membersWhich correspond to any iirstmentioned record-controlled means which isin operation at the time the second-mentioned record-controlled meanscomes .into operation.

14. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality oit scales oftone-emitting elements; mechanism to canse any one or more off thetone-emitting elements ol either scale to be operated alone, or any oneor more corresponding or non-corresponding elements oi" both scales tobe operated together, said mechanism comprising electrical connectionsto the tone-emitting elements including primary circuit making andbreaking` members common to both scales, and a set of secondary circuitmaking and breaking members for each scale, a record-controlledoperating means for cach set ot sccondary circuit making' and breakinglmembers, locking means for the secondary circuit making and breakingmembers and connections through which the locking means are controlledby the primary circuit making and breaking members'.

ln a record controlled musical Vinstrument, a plurality olf scales oftone-emitting elements; mechanism to cause any one or more ot 'thetone-emitting elements ot either .scale to be operated alone,Y or anyone or more corresj'xmding or non-correspomling elements ol both scalesto be operated together, said mechanism comprising electricalconnections to the tone-emitting eleme its including a set ot circuitmaking and breaking members for each scale, a record-controlled means:for controlling each set oit circuit makmembers it'or each set ol'circuit making and breaking` members, and record controlled means,including elements common to the two sets of circuit making and breakingmembers and the two sets of locking members and connections between saidelements and men'xbcrs, tor controlling` the circuits which inchule 'theformer and coincidently operating the corresponding locking members.

ing and breaking members, a set o locking j elements of both scales tobe loperated together, said mechanism comprising connec-A tions to thescales of tone-emitting elements, including a set of relatively movablemembers for each scale and record-controlled means common tosaid setsfor causing the sounding oi' tones through those connections Whoserelatively movable members are in operative relation with each other, arecordcontrolled means for each set of relativelymovable members,tending to move the movable members of the respective sets into or outof operative relation with the corresponding members of the connections,a set.

of locking pneumatics foreach set of relatively movable members, eachlocking pneumatic having an element to engage the corresponding movablemember of the connections to the tone-emitting elements, and connectionsthrough which the locking pneumatics arel operated coincidently with thecorresponding first-mentioned record controlled means to resist thevtendency of the second mentioned record-controlled means to move thosemovable members which correspond to any first-mentionedrecord-controlled means Which is in operation at the time thesecond-mentioned record-controlled means comes into operation, the lastnamed connections including a set of valves controlled by saidlirs't-mentioned record-controlled means and each common tocorresponding pneumatics of both sets of lock- `ing pneumatics.

17. In a record-controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales oftone-emitting elements; a series of tone-ducts common to said pluralityof scales and mechanism 'to V bring any one or more of the tone-emittingelements of either scale alone, or any one or more corresponding yornon-corresponding elements of both scales together, into communicationwith their tone ducts, the said mechanism `including chambers which arenormally under suction, connections between the tone ducts and thetone-emitting elements, having a series of operating pneumatics in therespective chambers and movable members carried bysaid pneumatics,connections through `which the operating pneumatics in one chamber arenormally expanded and the operating pneumatics in the other chamber arenormally collapsed, said connections including a record-controlled valveoperable to change the pressure in the normally` eX- panded set ofpneumatics toone tending to cause the same to collapse, and asecondrecord controlled valve operable to change the pressure in thenormally expanded set of-pneumatics to one tending to cause the same tocollapse, a set of locking pneumatics for each set ofoperatingpneumatics, said locking II Jneumatics having means to engage thecorresponding movable members of the operating pneumatics andronnectionsbetween the sets of locking pneumatics and tone ducts.

18. Ina record-controlled musical instru- I ment, a plurality of scalesof tone-emitting elements and a series of tone-ductscommon to bothscales, of tone-connections between the tone-ducts and the scales oftone-emitting elements, the connections including sets of movablemembers respectively corresponding to the tone-emitting elements andmeans for moving said members into or out of operative'relation withother members of the connections, `including a set of operatingpneumatics for `the movable memberscorresponding to one scale oftone-emitting elements, a set of operating pneumatics for the movablemembers corresponding to the other scale of movable members, meansthrough which one set ot' pneumatics are normally subjected to aninternal pressure tending t0 expand the same, means through which theother set of pneumatics are normally subjected to an internal pressuretending normally to cause the same to collapse, and record controlledmeans for changing said internal pressures. y

19. A mechanism substantially as set forth in claim 18 and wherein therespective sets of operating pneumatics are mounted in chambers whichare under suction, the pressure of the air in one set of pneumaticsbeing normally atmospheric and the pressure of the air inthe other setof pneumatics being normally less than atmospheric.

20. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales oftone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, respectively, saidcircuits including a plurality of sets of circuit `making and breakingmembers,

operating pneumatics for said members, re-

silient means to move said members, means for producing a differencebet'weenythe inside and outside of said pneumatics to collapse the same,overcome the resilient means and operate the circuit makingand breakingmeans.

21. In a record controlled musical instrument, a plurality of scales oftone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, circuit making orbreaking means for one of said circuits, a chest having a suctionchamber', a pneumatic Within said space and connected to said circuitmaking or breaking mea-ns,

means comprising suction connections for inilating and defiating saidpneumatic to operate the circuit making or breaking means..

22. In a record ycontrolled musical instrument, a plurality of scales oftone emitting elements, tone circuits therefor, circuit makingl orbreaking means for one of said crcuits, a chest having a suctionchamber, a pneumatic Within said space and connected to said circuitmaking or breaking means, means comprising suction connections for in-:Hating and deiiating said pneumatic to operate the circuit making orbreaking means, and pneumatic locking members Within said suctionchamber 'for lockingl said circuit making or breaking means.

23. Inl a mechanism of the class described, the combination with twosets of scales of tone emitting elements, a series of tone ductscommonvto said scales, control ducts for said scales, operativeconnections between the ducts and tone-emittingelements, including tonecircuits, control mechanism, circuit making and breaking means for saidtone circuits, a suction chamber, normally co1- lapsed pneumaticscorresponding to one oi the scales and being Within said suction chamberand operating said making and. breaking means, normally expandedpneumatics corresponding to the other scale and. being Within thesuction chamber, locking elements -for the making and breaking means andmeans under control of the tone ducts 'for operating the lockingelements.

24e. In a record controlled musical instruinentha'ving a two scale toneemitting element, tone ducts and tone circuits Jfor said elements,common to the scales, two circuit making and breaking means in each ofsaid tone circuits common to the tivo scales` means 'for controlling themaking and breaking means, two locking means for the controlled means,and connections to operate the two locking means to hold the making andbreaking means inthe position .in which they were when the tone duct wasopen, until the tone duct is closed.

In testimony whereof I aliiX my signature.

HEINRICH BOUKISCU.

